discusses worship, toharoh, prayer, fasting, zakat, pilgrimage, buying and selling, mortgages, leasing, borrowing, debts, endowments, grants, and discussing the UNDERSTANDING OF FARAIDH
Faraidh is the plural form of the word fariidhah. The word fariidhah is taken from the word fardh which means destiny, provision. Allah swt says:
"(Then pay) half of the dowry that you have specified." (Surah al-Baqarah: 237).
Meanwhile, according to syara' terms, the word fardh is the part that has been determined for the heirs.
STRICT WARNING NOT TO EXCEED THE LIMITS IN INHERITANCE PROBLEMS
Indeed the Arab nation during the Jahiliyah era, before Islam came, gave inheritance rights to men, and was not given to women, and to adults, and not given to small children.
When Islam came, Allah Ta'ala gave everyone who has the right to his rights. These rights are called "Wasiat from Allah" (QS an-Nisaa': 12). and is also called "Faridhah, a decree from Allah" (QS an-Nisaa': 11). Then the two verses are continued with the issue of stern warnings and serious threats to those who deviate from Allah's shari'ah, especially in matters of inheritance. Allah swt says:
“(These laws) are provisions from Allah, whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger, surely Allah will enter him into heaven in which rivers flow, while they will abide therein; and that's a big win. And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger and violates His provisions, Allah will put him in the fire of hell while he will remain therein forever; and for him is a humiliating punishment.” (QS an-Nisaa': 13-14).
LEGAL DEPOSIT TREASURE BECOME INHERITANCE
When a person dies, the first thing that must be taken care of from his inheritance is the cost of preparing the body and burial, then paying off the debt, then completing the will, then if there is any remaining, the inheritance is distributed among all his heirs. Allah swt says:
"After fulfilling the will they made (and) after paying their debts." (QS an-Nisaa ': 11).
And the statement of Ali ra:
"The Messenger of Allah once decided to pay off debts before carrying out (the contents of) a will." (Hasan: Sahih Ibnu Majah no: 2195, Irwa-ul Ghalil no: 1667, Ibn Majah II: 906 no: 2715 and Tirmidhi III: 294 no: 2205).
FACTORS THAT CAUSE TO GET INHERITANCE
There are three factors that cause a person to inherit:
lineage
Allah swt says:
"And people who have blood relations, one another has more rights (inheritance)." (QS al-Ahzaab: 6) Wala' (Loyalty of a freed slave to the person who set him free):
From Ibn Umar from the Prophet, he said, "al-Walaa' is a kinship like kinship." (Shahih: Shahihul Jami'us Shaghir no: 7157, Mustadrak Hakim IV: 341, Baihaqi X: 292). Marriage
Allah swt confirms:
"And for you (husband and wife) half of the property left by your wives." (QS an-Nisaa': 12)
CAUSES THAT BLOW GETTING INHERITANCE
Murder
From Abu Hurairah ra from Rasulullah saw that he said, "People who kill should not become heirs." (Shahih: Shahihul Jami'us Shaghir no: 4436, Irwa-ul Ghalil no: 1672, Tirmidhi II: 288 no: 2192 and Ibnu Majah II: 883 no: 2645).
Different religions
From Usamah bin Zaid ra that the Prophet said, "Muslims may not be the heirs of infidels and not (also) infidels become the heirs of a Muslim." (Muttafaqun 'alaih: Fathul Bari XII: 50 no: 6764, Muslim III: 1233 no: 1614, Tirmidhi III: 286 no: 2189, Ibnu Majah II: 911 no: 2729, 'Aunul Ma'bud VIII: 120 no: 2892 ).
Slavery
Because a slave and his property belong to his master, so if a relative gives him an inheritance, then it also belongs to the master, not to him.
Faraidh is the plural form of the word fariidhah. The word fariidhah is taken from the word fardh which means destiny, provision. Allah swt says:
"(Then pay) half of the dowry that you have specified." (Surah al-Baqarah: 237).
Meanwhile, according to syara' terms, the word fardh is the part that has been determined for the heirs.
STRICT WARNING NOT TO EXCEED THE LIMITS IN INHERITANCE PROBLEMS
Indeed the Arab nation during the Jahiliyah era, before Islam came, gave inheritance rights to men, and was not given to women, and to adults, and not given to small children.
When Islam came, Allah Ta'ala gave everyone who has the right to his rights. These rights are called "Wasiat from Allah" (QS an-Nisaa': 12). and is also called "Faridhah, a decree from Allah" (QS an-Nisaa': 11). Then the two verses are continued with the issue of stern warnings and serious threats to those who deviate from Allah's shari'ah, especially in matters of inheritance. Allah swt says:
“(These laws) are provisions from Allah, whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger, surely Allah will enter him into heaven in which rivers flow, while they will abide therein; and that's a big win. And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger and violates His provisions, Allah will put him in the fire of hell while he will remain therein forever; and for him is a humiliating punishment.” (QS an-Nisaa': 13-14).
LEGAL DEPOSIT TREASURE BECOME INHERITANCE
When a person dies, the first thing that must be taken care of from his inheritance is the cost of preparing the body and burial, then paying off the debt, then completing the will, then if there is any remaining, the inheritance is distributed among all his heirs. Allah swt says:
"After fulfilling the will they made (and) after paying their debts." (QS an-Nisaa ': 11).
And the statement of Ali ra:
"The Messenger of Allah once decided to pay off debts before carrying out (the contents of) a will." (Hasan: Sahih Ibnu Majah no: 2195, Irwa-ul Ghalil no: 1667, Ibn Majah II: 906 no: 2715 and Tirmidhi III: 294 no: 2205).
FACTORS THAT CAUSE TO GET INHERITANCE
There are three factors that cause a person to inherit:
lineage
Allah swt says:
"And people who have blood relations, one another has more rights (inheritance)." (QS al-Ahzaab: 6) Wala' (Loyalty of a freed slave to the person who set him free):
From Ibn Umar from the Prophet, he said, "al-Walaa' is a kinship like kinship." (Shahih: Shahihul Jami'us Shaghir no: 7157, Mustadrak Hakim IV: 341, Baihaqi X: 292). Marriage
Allah swt confirms:
"And for you (husband and wife) half of the property left by your wives." (QS an-Nisaa': 12)
CAUSES THAT BLOW GETTING INHERITANCE
Murder
From Abu Hurairah ra from Rasulullah saw that he said, "People who kill should not become heirs." (Shahih: Shahihul Jami'us Shaghir no: 4436, Irwa-ul Ghalil no: 1672, Tirmidhi II: 288 no: 2192 and Ibnu Majah II: 883 no: 2645).
Different religions
From Usamah bin Zaid ra that the Prophet said, "Muslims may not be the heirs of infidels and not (also) infidels become the heirs of a Muslim." (Muttafaqun 'alaih: Fathul Bari XII: 50 no: 6764, Muslim III: 1233 no: 1614, Tirmidhi III: 286 no: 2189, Ibnu Majah II: 911 no: 2729, 'Aunul Ma'bud VIII: 120 no: 2892 ).
Slavery
Because a slave and his property belong to his master, so if a relative gives him an inheritance, then it also belongs to the master, not to him.
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