Zener Cards (ESP cards)
This entertainment application allows you to test your psychic abilities or those of a friend, inspired by the well-known tests J.B. Rhine, the user will have to guess the possible figures of 25 cards.
More information about Zener Cards
In the 30 or so, J.B. Rhine, one of the most serious researchers and rigorous in this field, began to carry out a series of experiments in the Parapsychology Laboratory at Duke University on clairvoyance and telepathy, in order to prove the reality of a supernatural powers and establish its relation to other faculties of the spirit. In these experiments (clairvoyance) tried to simplify and standardize the mechanism in such a way that would require the least possible attention.
Therefore designed a simple type of playing cards with the five following symbols: star, rectangle, cross, circle, bunch of wavy lines. Five cards of each symbol for a total of 25 cards. Negligible modifications were made from time to time these symbols and the deck became known as ESP cards.
As clairvoyance initial test it was very often used the following procedure: it was explained to the subject the nature of the test, showing the cards, which were then mixed, risers and blankets resting on the table.
The experimenter with writing materials in hand, sat at the table in front of the subject and asked him to identify the first over paper. The subject responded by appointing one of the five symbols, he wrote down, after which he removed the card without looking at it. In the same way he proceeded with the second card and so on until the last. Average expected from the calculation of probabilities resulted in 5 points for each pass of 25 cards.
By registering a higher average score, the deviation, that is, the total number of points in excess of those likely, was computed with a fixed measure mathematics, called "measurement error." That measure, long used in various sciences, calculates the value and importance of the differences, showing clearly that the case alone might not give the results obtained. For example: if in a test consisting in 4 successive passes of the deck of 25 cards, the subject marks on average 7.5 points for each pass, ie a total of 30 points, there is only one probability against approximately 150 that this result (10 points in most of the 20 expected) is due to pure chance.
Of course, the figure indicating the average score may be the lower the higher the number of passes the test constituents.
In a test comprising a series of 8 past, just an average score of 6.5 in order to obtain approximately the ratio of 150 to 1. This would give a total average score of 52 points, or 12 in most of the 40 expected from the calculation of probabilities. The minimum ratio routinely accepted by science to recognize that a result is not from the case is that of 100 to 1.
The figures indicating the differences in the basis of which we calculate the favorable reports are qualified in technical language, as "statistically significant" (to indicate that those figures are trustworthy).
This entertainment application allows you to test your psychic abilities or those of a friend, inspired by the well-known tests J.B. Rhine, the user will have to guess the possible figures of 25 cards.
More information about Zener Cards
In the 30 or so, J.B. Rhine, one of the most serious researchers and rigorous in this field, began to carry out a series of experiments in the Parapsychology Laboratory at Duke University on clairvoyance and telepathy, in order to prove the reality of a supernatural powers and establish its relation to other faculties of the spirit. In these experiments (clairvoyance) tried to simplify and standardize the mechanism in such a way that would require the least possible attention.
Therefore designed a simple type of playing cards with the five following symbols: star, rectangle, cross, circle, bunch of wavy lines. Five cards of each symbol for a total of 25 cards. Negligible modifications were made from time to time these symbols and the deck became known as ESP cards.
As clairvoyance initial test it was very often used the following procedure: it was explained to the subject the nature of the test, showing the cards, which were then mixed, risers and blankets resting on the table.
The experimenter with writing materials in hand, sat at the table in front of the subject and asked him to identify the first over paper. The subject responded by appointing one of the five symbols, he wrote down, after which he removed the card without looking at it. In the same way he proceeded with the second card and so on until the last. Average expected from the calculation of probabilities resulted in 5 points for each pass of 25 cards.
By registering a higher average score, the deviation, that is, the total number of points in excess of those likely, was computed with a fixed measure mathematics, called "measurement error." That measure, long used in various sciences, calculates the value and importance of the differences, showing clearly that the case alone might not give the results obtained. For example: if in a test consisting in 4 successive passes of the deck of 25 cards, the subject marks on average 7.5 points for each pass, ie a total of 30 points, there is only one probability against approximately 150 that this result (10 points in most of the 20 expected) is due to pure chance.
Of course, the figure indicating the average score may be the lower the higher the number of passes the test constituents.
In a test comprising a series of 8 past, just an average score of 6.5 in order to obtain approximately the ratio of 150 to 1. This would give a total average score of 52 points, or 12 in most of the 40 expected from the calculation of probabilities. The minimum ratio routinely accepted by science to recognize that a result is not from the case is that of 100 to 1.
The figures indicating the differences in the basis of which we calculate the favorable reports are qualified in technical language, as "statistically significant" (to indicate that those figures are trustworthy).
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